Antimicrobial Screening of Plant-derived extracts against drug resistant bacterial Strains isolated from Diabetic Patients: An In vitro Study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70066/jahm.v14i2.2368Keywords:
Antimicrobial screening, diabetes, drug resistance, infections, in-vitro study, plant extracts.Abstract
Background: The emergence of drug-resistant organisms poses a significant challenge to world health. Infections associated with diabetic patients exemplify this phenomenon, as the prevalence of multidrug-resistant organisms is rising in these infections. Consequently, it is imperative to identify novel sources of anti-infective agents that could offer safe and more cost-effective alternatives to current medications. Therefore, the current work sought to perform an antibacterial evaluation of some crude plant extracts against bacterial strains obtained from diabetic patients. Materials and methods: Antibacterial susceptibility of the bacteria isolated from diabetic patients was determined by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. The antibacterial screening of the methanolic extracts obtained from 28 plants, was performed using Agar-well diffusion method. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of methanolic extracts of Rosa centifolia and Punica granatum showing strongest activity were determined by broth dilution method. Results: Antibacterial susceptibility testing revealed Staphylococcus aureus and Enterobacter spp. as most susceptible organism, whereas Klebsiella spp. exhibited the greatest resistance, followed by Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Streptococcus spp. Plant extracts of Rosa centifolia (Rose) and Punica granatum (Pomegranate) exhibited the strongest antimicrobial activity with a highest inhibition zone of 22.3±1 mm and 22.3±0.57 mm respectively against Staphylococcus aureus. Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp. and Enterobacter spp. found completely resistant. Pomegranate and rose found more effective in MIC determination. MIC of pomegranate was determined as 0.5mg/ml against all the tested organisms. Conclusion: Methanolic extracts of Rose and pomegranate showed the highest antibacterial efficacy, possibly due the abundance of antimicrobial phenolic components in the extracts. However, this study provides an in vitro analysis of crude plant extracts, a further detailed Phyto-toxicological analysis can determine the active principle and in vivo toxicity of these plant extracts and they can potentially be employed in alternative or complementary therapies for diabetes-related infections.
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